Joseph Campbell (1904–1987) was an American mythologist, writer, and teacher best known for his comparative study of mythology, religion, symbolism, and the human imagination. Born in New York City, Campbell studied at Columbia University, where he developed a strong interest in literature and comparative religion. His work explored recurring themes and patterns in myths from different cultures, suggesting that stories separated by time and geography often express similar psychological and spiritual concerns.
Campbell became internationally known through The Hero with a Thousand Faces (1949), where he developed the concept of the “hero’s journey”—a recurring narrative pattern in which a hero leaves the familiar world, enters a realm of trials and transformation, and eventually returns changed. His later work, including The Masks of God (1959–1968) and The Power of Myth (1988), examined mythology as a living symbolic language through which human beings make sense of existence. His ideas have had a lasting influence on literature, film, psychology, cultural studies, and popular storytelling.
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